Exercise continues to outperform many of the technologies used to fight cancer! For example, A recent study demonstrated that moderate exercise at the time of breast cancer diagnosis in specific subsets of Premenopausal women is associated with a lower risk of metastasis recurrence. In this study, women had hormone receptor-negative breast cancer, which tends to grow faster than hormone-positive cancers.

Go Outside The Box

In our book Outside The Box Cancer Therapies, Dr. Anderson and I discuss some additional powerful exercise therapies. A review of the effect of lifestyle factors on breast cancer mortality found that physical activity has the most pronounced effect of all the lifestyle factors on reducing breast cancer recurrence. Physical activity can reduce breast cancer mortality by about 40 percent. Researchers from this study recommended at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity at least five days of the week, or 75 minutes of more vigorous exercise, along with two to three weekly strength-training sessions, including exercises for major muscle groups. This recommendation was endorsed by the Canadian Cancer Society and the American Cancer Society. Moreover, in a study of 2,705 men with localized prostate cancer, the patients who completed three hours or more of vigorous physical activity had a 49 percent lower risk of death from all causes and a 61 percent reduced risk of dying from prostate cancer, compared with men who completed one hour of vigorous activity per week. Nearly half of the men walked for their activity. Men who walked briskly had a 57 percent lower rate of progression than men who walked at an easy pace. Exercise is vital in promoting overall health, and its benefits extend to preventing and managing cancer. Regular physical activity not only reduces the risk of developing certain types of cancer but also enhances the quality of life for those undergoing treatment or in recovery. Here’s an in-depth look at how exercise impacts cancer prevention and recovery.

Exercise and Cancer Prevention

Scientific evidence supports the role of exercise in reducing the risk of several cancers, including breast, colorectal, lung, prostate, and endometrial cancers. Regular physical activity contributes to prevention through:

• Weight Management: Obesity is a significant risk factor for many cancers. Exercise helps maintain a healthy weight, reducing inflammation and hormonal imbalances linked to cancer.
• Hormonal Regulation: Physical activity lowers levels of estrogen, insulin, and other hormones associated with cancer development.
• Improved Immune Function: Exercise enhances immune surveillance, enabling the body to detect and fight abnormal cell growth more effectively.
• Reduction of Chronic Inflammation: Persistent inflammation can lead to DNA damage and cancer. Regular exercise helps lower inflammatory markers.

Exercise During Cancer Treatment

For individuals undergoing cancer treatment, exercise is a powerful tool to mitigate side effects and improve overall well-being. Benefits include:

• Improved Energy Levels: Fatigue is a common side effect of cancer treatments. Moderate exercise, like walking or yoga, can boost energy and reduce exhaustion.
• Enhanced Muscle Strength and Mobility: Treatments like chemotherapy and radiation may lead to muscle loss or stiffness. Exercise helps preserve muscle mass and improve joint mobility.
• Reduced Treatment Side Effects: Regular activity can alleviate nausea, improve appetite, and enhance sleep quality.
• Improved Mental Health: Exercise reduces anxiety and depression often associated with a cancer diagnosis, fostering a sense of control and optimism.

Exercise in Cancer Recovery and Survivorship

Post-treatment, exercise plays a crucial role in recovery and maintaining long-term health. Survivors who engage in physical activity experience:

• Lower Risk of Recurrence: Studies suggest that regular exercise reduces the risk of cancer recurrence, particularly in breast and colon cancer survivors.
• Better Cardiovascular Health: Some cancer treatments can strain the heart. Exercise strengthens cardiovascular function, reducing long-term risks.
• Enhanced Quality of Life: Staying active promotes better physical function, mental well-being, and social interaction, all contributing to an improved quality of life.
• Bone Health: For cancers like breast or prostate cancer, which can weaken bones, weight-bearing exercises help strengthen skeletal health.

Types of Exercise Recommended

A balanced exercise program for cancer prevention and recovery includes:

• Aerobic Activities: Walking, cycling, swimming, or dancing improves cardiovascular health and stamina.
• Strength Training: Light weightlifting or resistance bands preserve muscle mass and bone density.
• Flexibility and Balance Exercises: Pilates, yoga, tai chi, or stretching improve mobility and reduce the risk of falls.
• Moderation and Customization: Exercise intensity should match individual health conditions and treatment stages, guided by healthcare professionals.

Guidelines and Precautions

• Consult a Professional: Always discuss exercise plans with your oncologist or other healthcare professional, especially during treatment or recovery.
• Start Slowly: Begin with low-impact activities, gradually increasing duration and intensity as tolerated.
• Listen to Your Body: Fatigue or discomfort should not be ignored. Rest is equally important.
• Stay Consistent: Regularity, even in small doses, is more effective than sporadic, intense workouts.

Conclusion

Exercise is a cornerstone of a healthy lifestyle that benefits cancer prevention and recovery. Exercise empowers individuals at every stage of their cancer journey by reducing risk factors, enhancing physical and mental resilience, and improving overall well-being. Whether seeking to lower your cancer risk or improve your recovery experience, incorporating regular physical activity into your routine can be transformative. Always consult your healthcare provider to create a safe, personalized plan that aligns with your needs.

Reference

Davide Soldato et al., Dose/Exposure Relationship of Exercise and Distant Recurrence in Primary Breast Cancer. JCO 42, 3022-3032(2024). DOI:10.1200/JCO.23.01959